Where Does Matcha Come From? Unveiling the Ancient Origins of Japanese Tea

Matcha has become a global phenomenon in recent years, finding its way into everything from traditional tea ceremonies to lattes, smoothies, and even desserts. Its vibrant green colour, earthy flavour, and reputed health benefits have made it a favourite among tea enthusiasts and wellness aficionados alike.

But where exactly does matcha come from? While most people associate matcha with Japan, its story actually begins in ancient China. As a certified tea sommelier, I’ve had the chance to explore the historical roots of tea, and I’m excited to share the fascinating journey of matcha—from its origins in the Song Dynasty to its iconic status in Japanese tea culture.

The Origins of Matcha: Tracing Back to Ancient China

Dian Cha: The Predecessor of Matcha

Long before matcha became synonymous with Japanese tea, its origins can be traced back to Dian Cha (点茶), a tea preparation method popular during China’s Song Dynasty (960–1279). Unlike the loose-leaf brewing methods more common today, Dian Cha involved grinding tea leaves into a fine powder, whisking it with hot water to create a frothy, creamy beverage.

Monks and scholars in ancient China appreciated this method for its meditative qualities and its ability to maintain focus—benefits that modern matcha drinkers still enjoy today, thanks to the L-theanine content in green tea.

How Matcha Travelled from China to Japan

The Role of Buddhist Monks

The transition of powdered tea from China to Japan is largely credited to Buddhist monks, particularly Eisai, who brought tea seeds and the practice of powdered tea preparation to Japan in the 12th century. Eisai, who had studied Zen Buddhism in China, believed that green tea could support both physical and spiritual health.

The practice of whisking powdered tea evolved into the Japanese tea ceremony, a ritual deeply embedded in Japanese culture, focusing on simplicity, respect, and mindfulness. Over time, the cultivation and processing of matcha became uniquely Japanese, with innovations such as shade-growing tea plants to enhance the tea’s vibrant colour and sweet flavour.

Why Matcha Stands Out in the World of Japanese Tea

Mindful Preparation: The Art of the Japanese Tea Ceremony

The Japanese tea ceremony is not just about drinking tea—it’s a meditative practice. The careful whisking of matcha powder with hot water using a chasen (bamboo whisk) is an art form. The ceremonial grade matcha used in these rituals is made from the youngest, most tender tea leaves, ensuring a smooth and creamy taste.

During a tea ceremony in Kyoto, I was struck by how every movement, from scooping the matcha to whisking it into a frothy bowl, was performed with intention and grace. It made me appreciate matchanot only as a drink but as an experience.

Health Benefits of Matcha: More Than Just a Trend

Matcha is packed with antioxidants, particularly catechins, which help fight free radicals in the body. Thanks to its unique preparation method, where the whole leaf is consumed, matcha offers a more concentrated source of nutrients compared to traditional green teas.

Key Health Benefits of Matcha:

• Sustained Energy: The natural caffeine combined with L-theanine offers a calm focus without the jitters.
• Detoxifying Properties: High chlorophyll levels help cleanse the body of toxins.
• Supports Metabolism: Catechins in matcha may boost metabolism and support weight management.

How to Brew Matcha at Home

Step-by-Step Guide to Making a Perfect Cup of Matcha

1. Sift 3 grams of matcha powder into a bowl to avoid clumps.
2. Add 70-80 ml of hot water (about 80°C, not boiling).
3. Whisk briskly in an “M” or “W” motion using a bamboo chasen until a fine foam forms on top.
4. Enjoy as a traditional matcha shot, or mix with milk for a creamy matcha latte.

FAQs: Where Does Matcha Come From?

1. Is Matcha Originally from Japan or China?

Matcha, as we know it today, is from Japan. However, its roots lie in the Chinese Dian Cha practice of the Song Dynasty.

2. What Makes Matcha Different from Other Green Teas?

Matcha is made from shade-grown tea leaves, which are stone-ground into a powder. Unlike other teas, where you steep the leaves and discard them, matcha is fully consumed, offering higher nutrients and antioxidants.

3. Can I Use Matcha in Cooking and Baking?

Absolutely! Matcha is fantastic in desserts, smoothies, and even savoury dishes. Its vibrant colour and unique flavour add a creative twist to recipes.